Decades of conflict following a major terrorist attack have left a devastating human toll, with millions of lives lost and displaced. New research estimates that military operations and their aftermath have resulted in at least 4.5 million deaths and forced over 38 million people from their homes. The figures highlight the long-term consequences of prolonged warfare on civilian populations. Experts warn that the true scale of suffering may be even greater when accounting for indirect impacts.
Successive wars launched after 9/11 have killed at least 4.5 million people and displaced more than 38 million others.
